Hauv ntau qhov kev lag luam xws li plastics, roj hmab, cov tshuaj, tshuaj pleev ib ce, tshuaj pleev, antioxidant yog siv los ntawm oxidation thaum lub sij hawm cia, ua lossis siv. Antioxidants tsis yog txiav txim siab qhov kev ruaj ntseg thiab lub neej ntawm cov khoom, tab sis kuj cuam tshuam rau kev nyab xeeb thiab ua raws li qhov ua tau zoo kawg. Rau cov neeg xa khoom, nkag siab tob tob ntawm cov txheej txheem ntawm kev ua ntawm antioxidants yog qhov txuas tseem ceeb hauv kev ua kom muaj zog thiab cov lus pom zoo kom meej.
Kab lus no yuav tshawb xyuas cov cav hauv qab antioxidants rau koj nyob ib ncig ntawm peb qhov kev sib tw sib tw sib tw, kev sib tw hlau thiab oxidase inhibition.
1. Kev thaiv kev dawb radical chain txawv txawv: lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm Antioxidants
Feem ntau cov txheej txheem oxidation yog qhov tseem ceeb pub dawb tshaj plaws -} kev sib tw sib xyaw. Thaum ib qho tshuaj yog raug rau sab nraud stimuli xws li cua sov, lub teeb, tshuab hluav taws xob ua rau cov khoom siv tsis zoo, ua rau cov khoom siv tsis zoo lossis tsis ua tiav ntawm cov khoom xyaw nquag.
Antioxidants cuam tshuam cov saw no hauv cov kev hauv qab no:
● Peb theem ntawm cov saw txawv:
Pib theem: Kev tsim dawb tshaj plaws (xws li r •)
Cov theem txuas ntxiv: dawb radicals ua ke nrog oxygen los ua ib qho pouses (roo •), uas txuas ntxiv mus tua cov molecules nyob ruaj khov
Kev txiav tawm theem: Ob lub radicals dawb sib xyaw los ua cov khoom lag luam ruaj khov, thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev sib tw
● Kev cuam tshuam ntawm Antioxidants:
Hydrogen Muab: antioxidant xws li BHT thiab Vitamin E tuaj yeem muab cov tshuaj pleev hydrees, nruab nrab ntawm cov molecules ruaj;
Cov saw claw: kev ntes dawb radicals lossis intermediates los tiv thaiv lawv los ntawm kev txuas mus ntxiv rau kev diffuse;
Peroxide puas tsuaj: decompose intermediates xws li rooh thiab rooh thiab roo •, txo cov saw txuas ntxiv muaj peev xwm.
Cov ntawv thov raug:
Thermal oxidation kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv thiab roj hmab
Khaws cia thiab rancidity ncua ntawm cov zaub mov thiab roj
Ruaj Ntseg ntawm anti -}} kev laus cov khoom xyaw hauv cov tshuaj pleev ib ce hauv cov tshuaj pleev ib ce
Ii. Iion Chelation: Txiav tawm ntawm oxidation "catalytic qhov chaw"
Hauv ntau lub tshuab, oxidation tsis yog tsuas yog diffused los ntawm cov dawb radicals, tab sis kuj tseem ceeb catalyzed los ntawm cov hlau ions (xws li fe²⁺, cu²⁺). Cov hlau no tuaj yeem nrawm txheej txheem oxidation ntawm lipids thiab polymer cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej xws li lub teeb thiab kub.
Cov cuab yeej siv hlau hauv cov tshuaj antioxidants tuaj yeem tsim cov qauv kev ruaj khov nrog cov hlau no los tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob koom nrog oxidation ntawm oxidation kev tawm tsam:
Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm Chelation Mechanism:
Multivate molecules puag ncig hlau ions, ua rau lawv poob lawv cov kev ua haujlwm catalytic;
Cov txheej txheem raug xws li cov roj carboxylic, phebsolic hydroxyls, phosphates, thiab lwm yam khi rau cov hlau ions;
Qee cov khoom xyaw ntuj (xws li citric acid thiab phytic acid) muaj kev cuam tshuam kev cuam tshuam.
Cov ntawv thov raug:
Tiv thaiv xim hloov thiab tsw detheration hauv cov khoom ua kua, cov khoom ua kom haum, thiab dej haus
Tiv thaiv cov ntxhiab tsw los ntawm cov roj oxidation hauv cov khoom tu tawv nqaij
Tiv thaiv cov catalytic oxidation ntawm cov hlau khib nyiab hauv kev lag luam roj nplua
III. Inhibit oxidase kev ua: thaiv enzymatic oxidation txoj kev
Nyob rau hauv ntuj raw cov ntaub ntawv xws li zaub mov, kev siv cov qoob loo, thiab cov nroj tsuag cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, enzymatic oxidation kuj tseem ua rau browning, lossis kev ua tsis ncaj, lossis kev ua tsis ncaj, lossis kev ua tsis ncaj, lossis kev ua tsis ncaj, lossis kev ua tsis ncaj, lossis kev ua tsis ncaj, lossis kev ua tsis ncaj, lossis kev ua tsis ncaj, lossis kev ua tsis ncaj, lossis kev ua tsis ncaj, lossis kev ua tsis ncaj, lossis kev ua tsis ncaj, lossis kev ua tsis ncaj, lossis kev ua tsis ncaj, lossis kev ua tsis ncaj, lossis kev ua tsis ncaj, lossis kev ua tsis ncaj, lossis kev ua tsis ncaj, lossis kev ua tsis ncaj, lossis kev ua tsis ncaj. Ntawm lawv, polyphenol oxidase (PPO), ** CATORASE (CAT) **, thiab lwm yam yog lub ntsiab "villains".
Antioxidants tuaj yeem inhibit cov haujlwm ntawm cov enzymes no hauv cov kev hauv qab no:
Cov qauv delaturation: rhuav tshem peb {- qhov qauv qauv ntawm cov enzyme, ua rau nws tsis ua haujlwm;
Kev sib tw nrog cov substrates rau Binding: Tiv thaiv cov substrates (xws li polyphenols) los ntawm nkag mus rau lub chaw ua haujlwm ntawm enzyme;
Chelating hlau ions (xws li tooj liab) uas yuav tsum tau los ntawm enzyme, tsis ncaj ncees inhibiting enzyme.
Cov ntawv thov raug:
Tiv thaiv cov xim av hauv cov kua txiv thiab zaub kua txiv thiab hlais cov txiv av
Kev tiv thaiv cov khoom xyaw nquag hauv kev ua kev ua liaj ua teb
Stabilizing polyphenols hauv cov nroj tsuag rho tawm
